Search | Advanced Search | Search Families | Search Site

First Name:   Last Name:   ID:  

Melaka, Malaysia

Tree: Nederlandse voorouders

Notes:
Malacca (Malay: Melaka), dubbed as The Historical State (Malay: Negeri Bersejarah) or The Hang Tuah State (Malay: Negeri Hang Tuah) is the third smallest state of Malaysia, after Perlis and Penang. It is located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, on the Straits of Malacca. It borders Negeri Sembilan to the north and the state of Johor to the east. The state's capital is Malacca Town.



Although Malacca was once one of the oldest Malay sultanates, the state has no Sultan today. Instead, the head of state is the Yang di-Pertua Negeri or Governor.



History



The precise origins of Malacca are disputed. It appears that Malacca was founded by Parameswara, a Srivijayan prince of Palembang who fled Sumatra following a Majapahit attack in 1377. He found his way to Malacca c. 1400 where he found a good port accessible in all seasons and on the strategically located narrowest point of the Malacca Straits.



According to a popular legend, Parameswara was resting under a tree near a river while hunting, when one of his dogs cornered a mouse deer. In self-defence, the mouse deer pushed the dog into the river. Impressed by the courage of the deer, and taking it as a propitious omen of the weak overcoming the powerful, Parameswara decided on the spot to found an empire on the very place that he was sitting. He named it 'Melaka' after the tree under which he had taken shelter. Another version of the story says that Parameswara chose the name 'Malacca' from the Tamil word 'mallakka' which means upside down or on ones back. Old illustrations of the scene where the mousedeer kicks the dog shows the dog falling on its back into the river, hence the inspiration. Parameswara converted to Islam in 1414 and changed his name to 'Raja Iskandar Shah'.



In collaboration with allies from the sea-people (orang laut) the wandering proto-Malay privateers of the Straits, he established Malacca as major international port by compelling passing ships to call there, and establishing fair and reliable facilities for warehousing and trade. Mass settlement of Chinese, mostly from the imperial and merchant fleet occurred during the reign of Parameswara, occurred in the vicinity of the Bukit China ("Chinese Hill") area, which had among the best Feng Shui (geomancy) in Malacca then. Sultan Iskandar Shah died in 1424, and was succeeded by his son, Sri Maharaja also called Sultan Muhammad Shah.



The prosperity of Malacca attracted the invasion of the Siamese. Attempts in 1446 and 1456, however, were warded off by Tun Perak, the then Bendahara (a position similar to Prime Minister). The development of relations between Malacca and China was at that time a strategic decision to ward off further Siamese attacks.



Because of its strategic location, Malacca was an important outpost for Zheng He's spectacular exploration fleet. To enhance relations, Hang Li Po, allegedly a princess of the Ming Emperor of China, arrived in Malacca, accompanied by 500 attendants, to marry Sultan Manshur Shah who reigned from 1456 until 1477. Her attendants married the locals and settled mostly in Bukit China (Bukit Cina).(See Zheng He in Malacca).



A cultural result of the vibrant trade was the expansion of the Peranakan people, who spread to other major settlements in the region.



During its prime Malacca was a powerful Sultanate which extended its rule over the southern Malay Peninsula and much of Sumatra. Its rise helped to hold off the Thai's southwards encroachment and arguably hasten the decline of the rival Majapahit Empire of Java which was in decline as Malacca was rising. Malacca was also central in the spread of Islam in the Malay Archipelago.



European colonization



In April 1511, Afonso de Albuquerque set sail from Goa to Malacca with a force of some 1200 men and seventeen or eighteen ships. It became a strategic base for Portuguese expansion in the East Indies. Sultan Mahmud Shah, the last Sultan of Malacca took refuge in the hinterland, and made intermittent raids both by land and sea, causing considerable hardship for the Portuguese. In the meantime the Portuguese built a fort to defend Malacca with its famous A Famosa gate. Finally in 1526, a large force of Portuguese ships, under the command of Pedro Mascarenhas, was sent to destroy Bintan, where Sultan Mahmud was based. Sultan Mahmud fled with his family across the Straits to Kampar in Sumatra, where he died two years later.



It soon became clear that Portuguese control of Malacca did not mean they now controlled Asian trade that centred around it. Their Malaccan rule was severely hampered by administrative and economic difficulties. Rather than achieving their ambition of dominating Asian trade, the Portuguese had fundamentally disrupted the organisation of the network. The centralised port of exchange of Asian wealth exchange had now gone, as was a Malay state to police the Straits of Malacca that made it safe for commercial traffic. Trade was now scattered over a number of ports amongst bitter warfare in the Straits.



The Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier spent several months in Malacca in 1545, 1546 and 1549. In 1641 the Dutch defeated the Portuguese to capture Malacca with the help of the Sultan of Johore. The Dutch ruled Malacca from 1641 to 1795 but they were not interested in developing it as a trading centre, placing greater importance to Batavia (Jakarta) in Indonesia as their administrative centre. However they still built their landmark better known as Red Building or Stadhuys.



Malacca was ceded to the British in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 in exchange for Bencoolen on Sumatra. From 1826 to 1946 Malacca was governed, first by the British East India Company and then as a Crown Colony. It formed part of the Straits Settlements, together with Singapore and Penang. After the dissolution of this crown colony, Malacca and Penang became part of the Malayan Union, which later became Malaysia.



Negeri Melaka (Tulisan Jawi: ملاك; juga dikenali sebagai Melaka Negeri Bersejarah atau Negeri Hang Tuah) adalah sebuah negeri yang terletak di barat Semenanjung Malaysia dan bersempadankan:



* Negeri Sembilan di utara;



* Johor di tenggara; dan



* Selat Melaka di barat.



Kedudukan Melaka dalam persekutuan Malaysia yang terdiri daripada 14 negeri (termasuk Wilayah Persekutuan) adalah seperti berikut:



* Keluasan: keempat terkecil di Malaysia (tangga ke-11), serta di Semenanjung Malaysia (tangga ke-9)



* Penduduk: kedua terkecil di Malaysia (tangga ke-13), serta di Semenanjung (tangga ke-13)



* Kepadatan penduduk: ke-4 terpadat di Malaysia serta di Semenanjung.



Ibu negerinya Bandar Melaka. Walaupun merupakan negeri pertama mengasaskan Kesultanan Melayu, Melaka kini tidak mempunyai seorang Sultan, sebaliknya negeri ini diketuai oleh seorang Tuan Yang Terutama (TYT) Yang di-Pertua Negeri.

Birth

Matches 1 to 7 of 7

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Birth		Person ID	Tree
1	Koek, Adriaan	1759	Melaka, Malaysia	I187517	Nederlandse voorouders
2	Koek, Catharina	1778	Melaka, Malaysia	I427171	Nederlandse voorouders
3	Neubronner, Alfred de Wind	Tue 26 Mar 1844	Melaka, Malaysia	I427156	Nederlandse voorouders
4	Neubronner, Louise	Tue 02 Jan 1798	Melaka, Malaysia	I427169	Nederlandse voorouders
5	Neubronner, Thomas	Yes, date unknown	Melaka, Malaysia	I427172	Nederlandse voorouders
6	Neubronner van der Tuuk, Dr. Herman	Mon 23 Feb 1824	Melaka, Malaysia	I427194	Nederlandse voorouders
7	van Riebeeck, Anthonia	Tue 06 Nov 1663	Melaka, Malaysia	I281894	Nederlandse voorouders

Christening

Matches 1 to 1 of 1

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Christening		Person ID	Tree
1	Koek, Adriaan	Mon 24 Dec 1759	Melaka, Malaysia	I187517	Nederlandse voorouders

Death

Matches 1 to 5 of 5

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Death		Person ID	Tree
1	Gobius, Johannes Fredericus	Fri 13 Oct 1730	Melaka, Malaysia	I565998	Nederlandse voorouders
2	Koek, Adriaan	1824	Melaka, Malaysia	I187517	Nederlandse voorouders
3	Koek, Catharina	Sat 24 Feb 1849	Melaka, Malaysia	I427171	Nederlandse voorouders
4	Neubronner, Johann Anton	1815	Melaka, Malaysia	I427170	Nederlandse voorouders
5	de la Quellerie, Maria	Sun 02 Nov 1664	Melaka, Malaysia	I281866	Nederlandse voorouders

Marriage

Matches 1 to 5 of 5

	Family	Marriage		Family ID	Tree
1	Koek / Dieterich	Sun 27 Feb 1785	Melaka, Malaysia	F74953	Nederlandse voorouders
2	Neubronner / Arnott	Sat 18 Aug 1866	Melaka, Malaysia	F166522	Nederlandse voorouders
3	Neubronner / Koek	Sun 06 Oct 1793	Melaka, Malaysia	F166529	Nederlandse voorouders
4	Neubronner / Pinaud	Wed 06 Apr 1836	Melaka, Malaysia	F166530	Nederlandse voorouders
5	Tuuk / Neubronner	Mon 27 Jan 1823	Melaka, Malaysia	F166528	Nederlandse voorouders